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Causes
The cause of Bell's palsy is unknown. It is suspected that an irritated facial nerve becomes swollen. As the facial nerve passes through narrow openings in the skull, it is compressed and symptoms result.
Doctors believe a herpes virus may cause the nerve to become inflamed, and, in turn, cause Bell’s palsy. Lyme disease may also be a cause.
Paralysis of the facial nerve may be caused by:
- Head or facial injuries
- Tumors
- Strokes
- Abscess
- HIV
- Infection
- Autoimmune disease
- Drug therapy, such as chemotherapy
- Hereditary diseases
- Other conditions that cause paralysis of the facial nerve
Risk Factors
These factors increase your chance of developing Bell's palsy. Tell your doctor if you have any of these risk factors:
- Family members who have Bell's palsy
- Pregnancy
- Diabetes
- Cold or flu
- Weakened immune system
- HIV infection
- Smoking
- Hypertension
- Ear infection
- Head or facial trauma
- Cancer history
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Copyright © 2026 EBSCO Publishing All rights reserved.