Cervical Cancer Symptoms & Diagnosis

Symptoms

Symptoms usually do not appear until the abnormal cells become cancerous. They invade nearby tissue. When this happens, the most common symptom is abnormal bleeding, which may include:

Bleeding between regular menstrual periods
Bleeding after sexual intercourse, douching, or a pelvic exam (most common)
Menstrual bleeding that lasts longer and is heavier than usual
Vaginal bleeding after menopause
Increased vaginal discharge that is not blood

These symptoms may also be caused by other, less serious health conditions. If you experience these symptoms, see you doctor.

Diagnosis

Tests to diagnose cervical cancer include:

Pap test—The Pap test detects cervical cancer. It will also detect cervical dysplasia (a precancerous development). The doctor collects a sample of cells from the cervix to be tested.
- If you are sexually active, you should have a yearly Pap test. If you have any abnormal results, follow-up with your doctor. New studies indicate that women aged 30 or older who have had three or more normal annual Pap tests can safely lengthen the Pap screening to once every three years. Talk to your doctor about what is right for you.
HPV test—The same cervical material obtained from the Pap test can be tested for the HPV virus.
Colposcopy —This is an exam of the vagina and cervix. The procedure uses a lighted magnifying instrument. It is needed if the Pap test suggests the presence of cervical dysplasia (precancer) or cancer.
Biopsy —This is done on any suspicious areas observed during the colposcopy. The removed tissue is tested for the presence of cancer cells.

Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Copyright © 2026 EBSCO Publishing All rights reserved.