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Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Symptoms & Diagnosis

Symptoms

Over time, the symptoms get worse. This makes daily activities difficult. People with IPF gradually start to have some or all of these symptoms:

  • Shortness of breath, at first only during or after physical activity, but later also when resting
  • Dry cough
  • Gradual weight loss
  • Fatigue
  • Clubbing (enlargement of the fingertips or sometimes the toes)

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. One or more of the following tests may be performed:

  • Chest x-ray or CT scan —to view the lungs and check for scarring
  • Pulmonary function tests —to measure the size and effectiveness of the lungs
  • Blood test—to tell how well the lungs are taking up oxygen
  • Exercise test on treadmill or stationary bicycle—to measure how well the lungs and heart work during physical activity
  • Bronchoalveolar lavage—fluid is put into the airways and then removed to study the cells and check for signs of inflammation
  • Lung biopsy —a small sample of lung tissue is removed and studied; usually required to confirm a diagnosis of IPF

Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Copyright © 2026 EBSCO Publishing All rights reserved.

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