According to the World Health Organization, smoking-related illnesses are the fourth leading killer of people worldwide. Smoking kills 1 out of 5 Americans (approximately 445,000 people) per year, and in Canada tobacco kills more people than car accidents, suicides, murders, AIDS, and drug use combined!
Smoking Facts
Did you know that:
- lung cancer kills more women than breast cancer
- post-menopausal women who smoke have lower bone density (osteoporosis) and an increased risk of fracture
- women who smoke experience more and more severe PMS, more painful menses, and premature menopause
- smoking increases the risk of cervical cancer
- smoking doubles the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of death among women.
What does Tobacco do to the lungs exactly?
Most everyone knows that smoke from cigarettes (whether first-hand or second-hand) contains tar. With each amount of exposure, that tars builds up on the cilia in the nasal passages and respiratory tract, which our bodies need to clear out dust, germs, and other potentially harmful agents. This can only happen if the cilia are able to move back and forth - like little brooms.
If these cilia are stuck with tar they can't move and so they can't clear out dust and germs and these can settle in the respiratory tract, nasal passages, and/or lungs and become more serious conditions (COPD, asthma irritant, bronchitis).
Smoking not only impedes the ability of the lungs to intake, expel, and use oxygen, it also means that the heart has to work twice as hard to get the lower amounts of oxygen out to the body.
New Research
Research from McGill University (Montreal, Canada) published in the New England Journal of Medicine suggests that some smokers with a familial predisposition to COPD will experience more rapid and progressive advancement of the disease, but that progression of the disease varies from individual to individual. Analysis also suggests that smoking may play a role in the development of other autoimmune deficiencies if there is a family history.
Their research also found that in addition to smoking being the primary risk factor for COPD, open fire pollutant cooking and heating fuels in the home is an important risk factor among women in first world nations.
A study that concluded in May 2009 by Channing Laboratory, Brigham, and Women's Hospital and University of Bergen in Noraway indicated that women developed COPD sooner - that is, at a younger age - than men and greater lung impairment even though women smoked less than men. It is a commonly held belief among female smokers that one or two can't hurt or do much damage. This study says otherwise. In fact, researchers were surprised to observe that about half of their women test subjects who smoked only one or two a day had severe COPD.
Researchers speculate that women are more prone to tobacco-related illnesses because their airways are smaller than in men, and that there may be a difference between the way women and men metabolize the tobacco smoke.
Sources: www.lung.ca (Canadian Lung Association); www.nnsw.ca/factsheets/smoking_affect_womens_health.pdf (National Non-Smoking Week, Canada); www.sciencedaily.com; www.cdc.gov