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Eczema is actually just another word for dermatitis, which is an inflammation of the skin. There are many types of dermatitis, but the term eczema has come to be associated with a specific type of dermatitis, called atopic dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, noncontagious condition that causes itchy, inflamed skin. Atopic dermatitis (eczema) most commonly affects the insides of the elbows, the backs of the knees, and the face, but it can affect any area of the body and in rare cases may cover most of the body.
Although eczema can develop at any age, it is most common in infants and children. It is estimated that 65% of people with eczema develop symptoms in the first year of life, and 90% develop symptoms before age five. The condition often improves in adulthood, but 50% of those affected as children are affected throughout life.
In the United States, it is estimated that 15 million people have eczema.
The exact cause of eczema is still unknown, but current theories suggest that it is related to an abnormal immune response and genetic factors. Eczema is often associated with other hereditary allergic disorders such as hay fever and asthma .
Eczema flare-ups may be triggered by:
What are the risk factors for eczema?
What are the symptoms of eczema?
How is eczema diagnosed?
What are the treatments for eczema?
Are there screening tests for eczema?
How can I reduce my risk of eczema?
What questions should I ask my doctor?
What is it like to live with eczema?
Where can I get more information about eczema?
References:
Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine . McGraw-Hill; 2001.
Lipozencić J, Wolf R. Atopic dermatitis: an update and review of the literature. Dermatol Clin . 2007 Oct;25(4):605-12
National Eczema Association for Science and Education website. Available at: http://www.nationaleczema.org/ .
Last reviewed July 2008 by Ross Zeltser, MD, FAAD
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
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