Postpartum depression is a type of depression that affects some women shortly after childbirth. It is not uncommon for women to experience temporary mood disorders or "blues" after giving birth. If it goes on for more than a few days, however, it is called postpartum depression.
The cause of postpartum depression is unclear. The cause may be related to sudden hormonal changes during and after delivery. Untreated thyroid conditions may also be associated with postpartum depression.
These factors increase your chance of developing postpartum depression. Tell your doctor if you have any of these risk factors:
Symptoms usually occur within 6 months after childbirth, though they may begin during the pregnancy and may last from a few weeks to a few months. Symptoms may range from mild depression to severe psychosis (in very rare cases). Postpartum depression is different than "baby blues," which is a mild form of depression that occurs within a few days after childbirth and lasts up to a week.
Symptoms may include:
More serious symptoms associated with postpartum depression that may require immediate medical attention include:
The doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history, and may perform a physical exam. Your doctor may ask you to undergo blood tests, to see if some undiagnosed physical problem (such as a thyroid condition) could be causing your symptoms. You may be referred to a mental health professional.
Treatment for postpartum depression may include counseling, medication, or both.
Medications may include:
Talk with your doctor about potential medication side effects, and how they might affect your child if you are breastfeeding.
Support groups for mothers with postpartum depression can help you see that others are struggling with and triumphing over postpartum depression.
Since postpartum depression is aggravated by stress, life stressors should be kept to a minimum after delivery. The following may help prevent postpartum depression:
RESOURCES:
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
http://www.acog.com/
Womenshealth.gov
http://www.4woman.gov/
CANADIAN RESOURCES:
Canadian Psychological Association
http://www.cpa.ca/cpasite/home.asp/
Women's Health Matters
http://www.womenshealthmatters.ca/index.cfm/
References:
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists website. Available at: http://www.acog.com . Accessed October 13, 2005.
Leopold KA, Zoschnick LB. Postpartum Depression . Women's Primary Health Grand Rounds at the University of Michigan (series). August 1997.
Last reviewed January 2009 by Theodor B. Rais, MD
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
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