Bruxism is the chronic, involuntary grinding or clenching of teeth. It usually occurs during sleep, but may also occur while awake.
The exact cause of bruxism is unknown, but it is believed to be related to:
A risk factor is something that increases your chances of getting a disease or condition.
Risk factors include:
Symptoms may include:
The doctor or dentist will ask about your symptoms and medical history and examine your teeth and jaw. With bruxism, teeth will have flattened tips, excessive wear, or thin enamel.
Methods of treatment include:
This method focuses on changing behavior through various techniques, such as:
Your dentist may recommend a protective mouth appliance, such as a night guard, that can absorb the pressure of constant night grinding.
Medication is only recommended for short-term use. Medications may include:
Bruxism that is not treated may result in gum damage, loss of natural teeth, and jaw-related disorders.
RESOURCES:
Academy of General Dentistry
http://www.agd.org
American Dental Association
http://www.ada.org
CANADIAN RESOURCES:
Canadian Dental Association
http://www.cda-adc.ca/
The Canadian Dental Hygienists Association
http://www.cdha.ca/
References:
Academy of General Dentistry website. Available at: http://www.agd.org .
Chang H. Botulism toxin: use in disorders of the temporomandibular joint. Dent Today . 2005;24:48,50-1; quiz 51.
Huynh N, Lavigne GJ, Lanfranchi PA, Montplaisir JY, de Champlain J. The effect of two sympatholytic medications—propranolol and clonidine—on sleep bruxism: experimental randomized controlled studies. Sleep . 2006;29:307-316.
Orofacial Pain Research Center at UKCD website. Available at: http://www.mc.uky.edu/COHR/orofacial_pain.htm .
Tan EK, Jankovic J. Treating severe bruxism with botulinum toxin. J Am Dent Assoc . 2000;131:211-216.
Last reviewed November 2008 by Laura Morris-Olson, DMD
Please be aware that this information is provided to supplement the care provided by your physician. It is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. CALL YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
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