The Urinary System consists of many organs such as the kidney, bladder and the urethra.
The structure of the kidney has more than a million tube-like structures called Nephrons. They filter water
and solutes from the blood and return useful substances. Unwanted substances are eliminated in urine. Some of the water is absorbed from food and liquids that our body consumes. There are four routes in which water leaves the body: Excretion in urine, sweating, in feces, and also evaporation from the lungs and the skin. When eating a variety of nutrients (including glucose), mineral ions
are absorbed from the GI tract. The most abundant metabolic waste is carbon dioxide. We get rid of it by exhaling it from our lungs. The urea filtered from blood in the kidney is reabsorbed by half.
The kidney is a bean-shaped organ that looks like a rolled-up pair of socks. The whole kidney is wrapped in a tough coat of connective tissue called the renal capsule. The renal pelvis is the central cavity of the kidney. Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland that causes urinary urgency with painful urination, a condition which is know as dysuria, with pain in the lower back and the genital area. In some cases, prostatisis is the result of a bacterial infection that is treated with antibiotics.
(http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudisease/pubs/yoururinary)
The structures that filter water and solute from the blood are called nephrons. The glomeruli are tiny clusters of blood capillaries around the wall of the nephron. Bowman’s capsule is the cuplike region that receives substances that are filtered from the blood.
Urine consists of water and solute which are not needed to maintain the chemical balance of extra cellular fluid as well as water solute waste. A sequence of steps called filtration, reabsorption and secretion form urine.
The buffering system, respiratory system and the kidney all work together to help keep the extra cellular fluid becoming acidic or too basic.