Symptoms
Symptom onset and type vary depending on the type of CMT. Usually, symptoms first appear in children and young adults. The first sign of CMT is often a high arched foot or difficulty walking. Other symptoms may include:
- Hammer toes
- High arched heels
- Decreased sensation in the feet and legs
- Muscle cramping in legs and forearms
- Flexed toes
- Difficulty holding the foot up in a horizontal position
- Frequent sprained ankles and ankle fractures
- Problems with balance
- Muscle weakness and atrophy in the lower extremities—can spread to the upper extremities later in life
- Foot drop
- Diminished ability to detect hot and cold, vibration, and position
- Difficulty writing, fastening buttons and zippers, and manipulating small objects
- Scoliosis
- Delay in learning how to walk (Type III)
- Congenital glaucoma (Type IV only)
Diagnosis
The doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history, and perform a physical exam. Tests may include:
- Nerve conduction study —a test that measures the speed and amplitude of nerve impulses in the extremities
- Electromyogram (EMG) —a test that records the electrical activity of muscle cells
- DNA blood test—to confirm certain types of CMT, even if there are no symptoms
Improved
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