Causes

Primary peritonitis—occurs when there is a buildup of fluid in the abdomen. This is called ascites . It is caused by chronic liver disease, among other conditions.

Secondary peritonitis—caused by bacteria that enter the abdominal cavity. Can be due to an injury or a condition, such as a ruptured appendix.

Secondary Peritonitis

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Dialysis-related peritonitis—caused by bacteria that enter the peritoneal cavity during or after peritoneal dialysis (a treatment for kidney disease).

Risk Factors

A risk factor is something that increases your chance of getting a disease or condition. Risk factors for peritonitis include:

• Abdominal penetration or trauma
• Immune compromise
• Blood in the abdomen
• Ruptured appendix
• Peptic ulcer
• Colitis
• Diverticulitis
• Gangrene of the bowel
• Pancreatitis
• Pelvic inflammatory disease
• Inflamed gallbladder
• Recent surgery
• Tubes or shunts in the abdomen
• Cortisone drugs